Ra

Ra is a former king of the gods and the most powerful god in existence. He was forced into retirement by Isis and after taking precautions to stop Apophis, he became a senile old man, who wound up in the House of Rest in the Duat. But after being hosted by Zia, he returns to his former self as a powerful god. He has three aspects: Khepri as the morning god, Ra as the day god, Khnum as the evening god, and Atum as the afternoon god.

Background
At the beginning there was only the Sea of Chaos, then the first land, the first obelisk, the symbol of Ma'at, came from Chaos, creation from destruction, and from it, Ra rose. Ra was powerful and took many forms, but he was alone and chaos surrounded him, so he summoned the other gods, he summoned Shu, who willed the winds, and Tefnut, who caused the rains to fall. And then came Shu's children: Nut, the sky and Geb, the earth. Following the creation of the other gods. With his Sun Boat, Ra transversed on the heavens to upheld the the triumph of Ma'at over Isfet, or chaos.

But also, as Order took manifestation in the form of Ra, Chaos also manifested into a giant serpent called Apophis, the god of Chaos who hated all of creation. As Chaos tried to overthrow and disrupt the delicate balance between Chaos and Order, Apophis tried to swallow the sun god as the ancient prophecy stated, which if the Serpent would be successful, the world would be destroyed and fall into Chaos. However the triumph of Chaos did not happen since the gods were there to protect Ra, the Lord of Order.

Then came the prophecy that a child of Nut and Geb would overthrew Ra as king. Paranoid, Ra became furious, ordering Nut to never give birth to any of her children on any day of the year. However, Ra was somehow defied and thwarted when Nut used moonlight that she won from the god Khonsu to create 5 days and added them to the end of the year, which was later called Demon Days. Thus the gods Osiris, Set, Isis, Nephthys and Horus the Elder were born. As punishment, Ra ordered the wind god Shu, father of both Nut and Geb, to keep the two separated.

Ra then grew old, and man no longer feared him or his laws. Angered by this, he summoned Sekhmet, his first Eye and the fiercest of all goddesses to destroy the wicked. But then, the lion goddess Sekhmet proved uncontrollable as she began to kill anyone, and no mortal or god was strong enough to stop her. Ra, remorseful for what happened, helped the magicians and mortals by creating a remedy that could bring Sekhmet down. He ordered those at Heliopolis to brew thousands of beer, mix them with crushed red ochre and pour it at a field. The huntress then stopped upon seeing the plain flooded and began drinking the brew, thinking it was her enemies' blood. Intoxicated, Ra then was able to change her name in Hathor, a gentle cow goddess. He then chose the cat goddess Bast to become the new Eye of Ra.

After sometime, Ra, who while ruling the gods and traveling in the sky with his Eye, Bast and his lieutenant, the chaotic deity Set, became forgetful and senile. Though the gods doubted Ra's capabilities to become their king, none were brave, or clever enough to take the position from him without falling into the influence of Chaos. Then came the goddess Isis, who, with her other sibling were reborn again, were now a couple. Isis, who was more clever than a million men and knew almost all secrets of the Earth, was impatient of Ra voluntarily retiring, formulated of a way to make her husband, Osiris become king. As Ra descended during the night, Isis slipped the snake into his resting place that she had created by mixing clay and the sun god's drool, which in turn bit Ra in the ankle.

Ra cried in pain and the other gods naturally rushed to his side. No one, not even Thoth, could cure the poison which was consuming his very being. Then the healer, Isis appeared and cried, saying that there is nothing she can do. Not unless Ra would tell her his secret name.

Ra, who was tired and weary of the poison, then told Isis his secret name which she used in her spell that successfully healed the sun god. Then Ra went into forced retirement as Isis demanded.

Ra then used the third part of his soul, the morning sun Khepri to bind the Eye of Ra, Bast and his enemy, the Chaos snake Apophis in eternal battle whilst in the abyss. After that he slept and slowly faded into lasting twilight.

The Throne of Fire
The Kanes found him in the House of Rest in the Duat and managed to revive him, however he was still senile though he retook his throne. Even with Khepri returned to him and thus his ability to be reborn, Ra is not reborn and lives in the House of Life during the day and does his nightly journey protected by the other gods at night. He gives a beetle, the last remnant of Khepri, to Zia Rashid, his chosen host so she could channel his powers in times of need. After The Battle of Brooklyn House, Ra, along with Bast, returns to the heavens on his sun boat.

The Serpent's Shadow
While visiting the Land of the Demons, Carter and Zia were protected from the Sea of Chaos by the remnant of Khepri, the beatle given to Zia by Ra. After the Kanes and Zia managed to get Apophis' shadow, Ra arrived in his boat during his nightly journey in time to pick them up, saving them from being stranded as the Egyptian Queen had been destroyed and they had no other way out. Ra then took Zia as his host and was reborn, something Bes stated has happened many times before, but hasn't happened in a long time. Bes also stated that it usually takes Ra longer than his near-instant rebirth which Ra credited Zia for. Even though Carter offered him back his crook and flail which Ra sent him in a time of need, Ra refused it, stating that he came back to fight Apophis, not to take the position as pharaoh of the gods, so he hands the authority over to Carter as the rightful pharaoh. Using Zia as his host, Ra led Sobek, Bes and Bast into battle against Apophis to give the Kanes time to enact their plan to finally destroy the Serpent. He is later joined by magicians from the House of Life after they defeat Apophis' minions and other gods summoned by Carter in his role as pharaoh. Ra gets swallowed by Apophis, but his sacrifice bought the time that was needed and Apophis was destroyed, releasing Ra as he exploded. With Apophis finally dead, Ra declared that the gods were to remove themselves from the mortal world for a time because with Chaos leaving the world, so must Order to ensure that a balance was maintained. However, he allowed Anubis to remain on Earth in the host of Walt Stone as the two were one being like gods had been with humans in ancient times. Ra also abdicated his throne again to Horus, allowing Horus to become leader of the gods like his former host Carter, who is now the long-awaited Pharaoh of the House of Life.

Personality
Before Ra's dethronement, he was described him as a compassionate, just and wise leader. Also in his rule, Ra was very protective of his throne as seen when he tried to prevent Geb and Nut from having children. However, after eons of ageing like a mortal would Ra became senile with behavior close to that of an infant. After hosting Zia Rashid and getting swallowed by Apophis he became more sane than before.

Powers and Abilities
Ra is the most powerful among all the other gods and is only surpassed by Apophis the Chaos Serpent in power and might. As the god of creation and renewal, he is able to replenish energy and give vitality by just his presence as seen during the Brooklyn House Battle at The Throne of Fire, when the resident healer, Jaz, woke from her coma during dawn exactly when Ra was brought back to the world. Ra can also sustain and shield people from the harmful effects of Chaos as seen during Carter, Zia and Setne's trip at the Sea of Chaos. Ra, as a god of sun and heat, has his image dance in hot vapor, causing his opponent to misjudge his location. Besides having other superior abilities and powers, Ra chooses to use fire magic. Ra can shoot enormous amounts of fire as he pleases, of which explodes when it hits its target. It seems, as said and shown in The Serpent's Shadow, only Ra's attacks can effectively disrupt Apophis' form. Ra is shown to be able to be reborn, but has to have all three aspects of himself in order to do so. When he sacrificed Khepri to bind Apophis, he also sacrificed his ability to be reborn and became senile and comatose before being woken up. Even after getting the last of Khepri back in the form of the last beetle that made up his form, he wasn't reborn until he merged with Zia who had been given the beetle earlier. He did this by disintergrating and then being born anew in the form of Zia. According to Bes, this used to happen a lot and all of the gods have seen him do it, but it usually takes a lot longer than his rebirth with Zia. As Khnum he has immense strength like Sobek. Because he is lord of Ma'at, (creation), like Ptah he can create things merely by naming them.

Relationships
Bast: As his loyal cat and servant, Ra has full of trust of Bast and even shows to her his affections as a good master. During the final battle with Apophis, Ra is pleased to see her and asks her to fight alongside him again which she happily does.

Apophis: Ra and his archenemy would try to kill each other since Apophis would want to devour Ra. Apophis did succeed in devouring Ra, but is destroyed by Sadie and Carter Kane, saving Ra who escapes in the middle of Apophis' threats to take Ra with him.

Set: Even if Set was a god of Chaos, Ra chose him to be his lieutenant. This is may be because Ra can see loyalty in Set and his strength. In return, Set shows unwavering loyalty to Ra, saying that despite being a god of Chaos and Evil himself, he'd choose Ra over Apophis any day.

Isis: Isis and Ra have a very complicated relationship. This due to the fact that it was Isis who forced Ra into retirement and which made him lose the will to live.

Horus: Horus, with the help of his mother, usurped Ra's throne for thousands of years. When Ra finally returned, Horus publicly supported him and protected him on his nightly journey, but was secretly very angry and humiliated by Ra's return as a senile old man to retake the throne to the degree that he threatened his former host Carter Kane. During the final battle against Apophis, Horus, merged with his host Carter, helped the reborn Ra battle Apophis and was instrumental to the Chaos Serpent's ultimate destruction by lending Carter his power. Afterwards, Ra abdicated his throne once more, and allowed Horus to become the leader of the gods again.

Sadie Kane: Ra is of a great debt of gratitude to Sadie for it was and her brother Carter who restored and revived him and finally destroyed Apophis for him.

Carter Kane: Ra sees Carter Kane as worthier of being the Pharaoh than he is. He admires Carter's leadership and asks him to take care of Zia. He even gives Carter his crook and flail in a time of need and has him take command of the gods as their leader during the battle rather than him, explaining that he came back to fight Apophis, not to lead. He also owes him for finally destroying his old enemy Apophis.

Zia Rashid: Zia is Ra's latest former host. He chose her because she is strong. Her affection is similar to Iskandar for Zia. Zia looked after him when he was revived and he gave her the last Khepri beetle to protect her with the last of that god's power. Zia channeled Ra's power several times, notably against the Apis Bull and Bloodstained Blade, but had a hard time controlling it because of Ra's sheer power. After reuniting with Ra on his boat, Zia allowed Ra to take her as a host and it allowed him to be reborn finally, something he attributed to her compassion. Before he leaves again for a very long time, he asks Carter to look after Zia for him, apparently aware of the two's romantic feelings for each other.

Anubis: Despite his decree that all of the gods must now leave the Earth for a time, Ra allowed Anubis to remain on Earth in his human host Walt Stone to live a mortal life as the other gods had once done with the pharaohs. He may have done this out of compassion for Anubis' feelings for Sadie Kane who Ra owed and also to give Anubis the chance to live a mortal life which he'd never done before, not needing a host and being very young compared to the rest of the gods. This is in contrast to the other gods (mainly Shu) who did their best to keep Anubis and Sadie apart.

In Mythology
The chief cult center of Ra was Heliopolis (called Iun or "Pillar", in Egyptian)[1], where he was identified with the local sun-god Atum. In mythology, Ra is the king of the gods and god of the sky. To the ancient Egyptians, he represented light, warmth, and growth making him an important god and ruling over all the other gods, humans, ect. Ra was thought to travel on two solar boats called the Mandjet (the Boat of a Million of Years), or morning boat and the Mesektet, or evening boat. These boats took him on his journey through the sky and the underworld. When Ra traveled in his sun boat he was accompanied by various other deities including Sia (perception) and Hu (command) as well as Heka (magic power). Sometimes members of the Ennead helped him on his journey, including Set who overcame the serpent Apophis and Mehen who defended against the monsters of the underworld. Apophis, an enormous serpent Heka (magic spells) to stop the sun boat's journey every night by consuming it or by stopping it in its tracks with a hypnotic stare. In the evening the Egyptians believed that Ra set as Atum or in the form of a ram. The Mesektet or Night boat would carry Ra through the underworld back towards the east in preparation for his rebirth at sunrise. These myths of Ra represent the sunrise as the rebirth of the sun by the sky goddess Nut, thus attributing the concept of rebirth and renewal to Ra and strengthening his role as a creator god.

Trivia

 * In Throne of Fire it is stated that Ra is far more important and irreplaceable than any other god or king. As the first god aside from being more powerful than others he is the Lord of Ma'at and essential to the survival of the universe. Akin to how a plant needs sunlight to live, with Ra as the Sun which feeds the plant; if Ra was to die then the universe, like a sunless plant, will slowly wither and die.
 * Ra is stated to be the "heart" of the Egyptian gods and, by extension, the entire universe. Even if the others do not acknowledge it or possibly don't even know it as Isis presumably didn't know the consequences, without Ra, the rest of the gods would eventually fade into nothingness.
 * Ra's crook and flail are said to be blue and gold in the book, however, in his picture, they are green and gold, also at some part in the Serpent's Shadow, it was described as gold and red. They may be like that for the different aspects of Ra.
 * Ra is a Protogenoi (god that emerged directly from chaos).
 * His host's name, Zia, is the name of the Native American symbol for the Sun.
 * In mythology Ra started his boat journey after Isis poisoned him but in the books it is the other way around